This ambitious and ground-breaking book examines the linguistic studies produced by missionaries based on the Pacific Northwest Coast of North America (and particularly Haida Gwaii) during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Making extensive use of unpublished archival materials, the author demonstrates that the missionaries were responsible for introducing many innovative and insightful grammatical analyses. Rather than merely adopting Graeco-Roman models, they drew extensively upon studies of non-European languages, and a careful exploration of their scripture translations reveal the origins of the Haida sociolect that emerged as a result of the missionary activity. The complex interactions between the missionaries and anthropologists are also discussed, and it is shown that the former sometimes anticipated linguistic analyses that are now incorrectly attributed to the latter.
This book is made open access as part of the Knowledge Unlatched KU Select 2018: HSS Backlist Books

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This ambitious and ground-breaking book examines the linguistic studies produced by missionaries based on the Pacific Northwest Coast of North America (and particularly Haida Gwaii) during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Making extensive use of unpublished archival materials, the author demonstrates that the missionaries were responsible for introducing many innovative and insightful grammatical analyses. Rather than merely adopting Graeco-Roman models, they drew extensively upon studies of non-European languages, and a careful exploration of their scripture translations reveal the origins of the Haida sociolect that emerged as a result of the missionary activity. The complex interactions between the missionaries and anthropologists are also discussed, and it is shown that the former sometimes anticipated linguistic analyses that are now incorrectly attributed to the latter.
This book is made open access as part of the Knowledge Unlatched KU Select 2018: HSS Backlist Books

Listed by Unglue.it.

This ambitious and ground-breaking book examines the linguistic studies produced by missionaries based on the Pacific Northwest Coast of North America (and particularly Haida Gwaii) during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Making extensive use of unpublished archival materials, the author demonstrates that the missionaries were responsible for introducing many innovative and insightful grammatical analyses. Rather than merely adopting Graeco-Roman models, they drew extensively upon studies of non-European languages, and a careful exploration of their scripture translations reveal the origins of the Haida sociolect that emerged as a result of the missionary activity. The complex interactions between the missionaries and anthropologists are also discussed, and it is shown that the former sometimes anticipated linguistic analyses that are now incorrectly attributed to the latter.
This book is made open access as part of the Knowledge Unlatched KU Select 2018: HSS Backlist Books

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Pour la première fois, un livre est consacré au francais en Autriche. Il examine dans une perspective linguistique et didactique comment le francais est appris et enseigné en Autriche en tant que langue étrangère (notamment en comparaison avec l'Allemagne), comment des enfants bilingues alternent entre le francais et l'allemand autrichien et comment les Autrichiens percoivent le francais en tant que langue internationale (notamment de la publicité) dans le paysage linguistique viennois. Ce livre présente des résultats de recherche empirique actuels sur la base d'analyses de corpus, de questionnaires en ligne ainsi que d'analyses de programmes et de manuels scolaires. En mettant l'accent sur le plurilinguisme et la diversité, il fournit en plus une multitude de nouvelles idées pour l'enseignement.

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This descriptive and comprehensive study on the discursive struggle over interpersonal relations in online message boards is located at the fascinating interface of pragmatics and computer-mediated discourse – a research area which has so far not attracted much scientific interest. It sets out to shed light on the question how interpersonal relations are established, managed and negotiated in online message boards by giving a valid overview of the entire panoply of interpersonal relations (and their interrelations), including both positively and negatively marked behavior. With the first part of the book providing an in-depth discussion and refinement of the pivotal theoretical positions of both fields of research, students as well as professionals are (re-)acquainted with the subject at hand. Thus supplying a framework for the ensuing case study, the empirical part displays the results of the analysis of 50 threads (ca. 300,000 words) of a popular British message board.

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"O livro estuda as relações entre crítica e jornalismo buscando compreender os vínculos sócio-culturais e interpretativos existentes entre crítica literária, crítica cultural e crítica jornalística. Estruturado em cinco capítulos, o livro inicia com uma análise contextual das relações entre crítica e jornalismo, prossegue com o exame de um caso clássico de controvérsia crítica envolvendo o crítico Joaquim Nabuco e o escritor José de Alencar, ocorrido no Rio de Janeiro do final do século 19, época em que o exercício da crítica era feito nas páginas de jornal".

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This book presents an extensive dictionary of the Dagaare language (Niger-Congo; Gur (Mabia)), focussing on the dialect of Central Dagaare, spoken in the Upper West region of Ghana. The dictionary provides comprehensive definitions, example sentences and the English translations, phonetic forms, inflected forms, etymological notes as well as information dialectal variation. This work is intended as a resource for linguists, but also as a resource for Dagaare speakers. Also included is a grammatical sketch of Dagaare contributed by Prof. Adams Bodomo.

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This book is a dictionary and grammar sketch of Ruruuli-Lunyala, a Great Lakes Bantu language spoken by over 200,000 people in central Uganda. The dictionary part includes about 10,000 entries. Each lexical entry provides translations into English, example sentences, and basic grammatical information. The dictionary part is supplemented with an outline of the Ruruuli-Lunyala grammar, which treats most of the phonological and morpho-syntactic topics. This book is a result of a joined effort of a large team of linguists and many speakers of Ruruuli-Lunyala and is intended as a resource for linguists and Ruruuli-Lunyala speakers, learners, and educators.

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Does gender condition politicians’ discourse strategies in parliament? This is the question we try to answer in A Gender-based Approach to Parliamentary Discourse: The Andalusian Parliament. This book, written by experts in the field of discourse analysis, covers key aspects of political discourse such as gender, identity and verbal and nonverbal strategies: intensification, enumerative series, non-literal quotations, pseudo-desemantisation, lexical colloquialisation, emotion, eye contact and time management. It provides a large number of examples from a balanced gender parliament, the Andalusian Parliament, and it focuses mainly on argumentation, since parliamentary discourse is above all argumentative. This book will prove invaluable to students and teachers in the field of discourse analysis, and more specifically of political discourse, and will also be very useful to politicians and anyone interested in communication strategies.
This book is made open access as part of the Knowledge Unlatched KU Select 2018: HSS Backlist Books

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Does gender condition politicians’ discourse strategies in parliament? This is the question we try to answer in A Gender-based Approach to Parliamentary Discourse: The Andalusian Parliament. This book, written by experts in the field of discourse analysis, covers key aspects of political discourse such as gender, identity and verbal and nonverbal strategies: intensification, enumerative series, non-literal quotations, pseudo-desemantisation, lexical colloquialisation, emotion, eye contact and time management. It provides a large number of examples from a balanced gender parliament, the Andalusian Parliament, and it focuses mainly on argumentation, since parliamentary discourse is above all argumentative. This book will prove invaluable to students and teachers in the field of discourse analysis, and more specifically of political discourse, and will also be very useful to politicians and anyone interested in communication strategies.
This book is made open access as part of the Knowledge Unlatched KU Select 2018: HSS Backlist Books

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This work describes the grammar of Gayogo̱hó:nǫˀ (Gayogo̱hó:nǫˀnéha:ˀ, Cayuga), an Ǫgwehǫ́weh (Iroquoian) language spoken at Six Nations, Ontario, Canada. Topics include Gayogo̱hó:nǫˀnéha:ˀ morphology (word formation); pronominal prefix selection, meaning, and pronunciation; syntax (fixed word order); and discourse (the effects of free word order and noun incorporation, and the use of particles). Gayogo̱hó:nǫˀnéha:ˀ morphophonology and sentence-level phonology are also described where relevant in the grammar. Finally, the work includes noun, verb, and particle dictionaries, organized according to the categories outlined in the grammatical description, as well as lists of cultural terms and phrases.

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This book provides the first comprehensive grammatical description of Choguita Rarámuri, a Uto-Aztecan language spoken in the Sierra Tarahumara, a mountainous range in the northern Mexican state of Chihuahua belonging to the Sierra Madre Occidental. A documentary corpus developed between 2003 and 2018 with Choguita Rarámuri language experts informs the analysis and is the source of the examples presented in this grammar. The documentary corpus, which consists of over 200 hours of recordings of elicited data, narratives, conversations, interviews, and other speech genres, is available in two archival collections housed at the Endangered Languages Archive and at UC Berkeley’s Survey of California and Other Indian Languages. Choguita Rarámuri is a highly synthetic, agglutinating language with a complex morphological system. It displays many of the recurrent structural features documented across Uto-Aztecan, including a predominance of suffixation, head-marking, and patterns of noun-incorporation and compounding (Sapir 1921; Whorf 1935; Haugen 2008b). Other features of typological and theoretical interest include a complex word prosodic system, a wide range of morphologically conditioned phonological processes, and patterns of variable affix order and multiple exponence. Choguita Rarámuri is also of great comparative/historical importance: while several analytical works of Uto-Aztecan languages of Northern Mexico have been produced in the last years (Guerrero Valenzuela 2006, García Salido 2014, Reyes Taboada 2014, Morales Moreno 2016, Villalpando Quiñonez 2019, inter alia), many varieties still lack comprehensive linguistic description and documentation.

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This book provides a first-ever comprehensive overview of the grammatical structure of Fwe. Fwe is a Bantu language spoken on the border between Zambia and Namibia, by some 20,000 people. Very little previous documentation exists on the language, and the current description of Fwe is based exclusively on newly collected field data. It includes an analysis of the grammatical structure of Fwe, followed by basic cultural information on greetings, a Fwe narrative with its English translation, and a lexicon comprising some 2200 Fwe lexemes with their English translation. This book is intended as a resource for linguists, whether interested in African languages, Bantu languages, language typology, or general linguistics.

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This grammar offers a grammatical description of the Ngòló variety of Gyeli, an endangered Bantu (A80) language spoken by 4,000-5,000 "Pygmy" hunter-gatherers in southern Cameroon. It represents one of the most comprehensive descriptions of a northwestern Bantu language. The grammatical description, which is couched in a form-to-function approach, covers all levels of language, ranging from Gyeli phonology to its information structure and complex clauses. It draws on nineteen months of fieldwork carried out as part of the "Bagyeli/Bakola" DoBeS (Documentation of Endangered Languages) project between 2010 and 2014. The resulting multimodal corpus from that project, which includes texts of diverse genres such as traditional stories, narratives, multi-party conversations and dialogues, procedural texts, and songs, provides the empirical basis for the grammatical description. The documentary text collection, supplemented by data from elicitation work, questionnaires, and experiments, are accessible in the Bagyeli/Bakola collection of The Language Archive. With additional ethnographic, sociolinguistic, diachronic, and comparative remarks, the grammar may appeal to a wider audience in general linguistics, typology, Bantu studies, and anthropology. In 2019, the grammar received the Pāṇini Award by the Association for Linguistic Typology.

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Iranian Armenian is the variety of spoken Armenian that was developed by Armenians in Tehran, Iran over the last few centuries. It has a substantial community of speakers in California. This variety or lect is called “Persian Armenian” [pɒɻskɒhɒjeɻen] or “Iranian Armenian” [iɻɒnɒhɒjeɻen] by members of the community. The present book is not a comprehensive grammar of the language. It occupies a gray zone between being a simple sketch versus a sizable grammar. We attempt to clarify the basic aspects of the language, such as its phoneme inventory, noticeable morphophonological processes, various inflectional paradigms, and some peculiar aspects of its syntax. We likewise provide a sample text of Iranian Armenian speech.

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Japhug is a vulnerable Gyalrongic language, which belongs to the Trans-Himalayan (Sino-Tibetan) family. It is spoken by several thousand speakers in Mbarkham county, Rngaba district, Sichuan province, China. This grammar is the result of nearly 20 years of fieldwork on one variety of Japhug, based on a corpus of narratives and conversations, a large part of which is available from the Pangloss Collection. It covers the whole grammar of the language, and the text examples provide a unique insight into Gyalrong culture. It was written with a general linguistics audience in mind, and should prove useful not only to specialists of Trans-Himalayan historical linguistics and typologists, but also to anthropologists doing research in Gyalrong areas. It is also hoped that some readers will use it to learn Japhug and pursue research on this fascinating language in the future.

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This book is a grammar of Kalamang, a Papuan language of western New Guinea in the east of Indonesia. It is spoken by around 130 people in the villages Mas and Antalisa on the biggest of the Karas Islands, which lie just off the coast of Bomberai Peninsula. This work is the first comprehensive grammar of a Papuan language in the Bomberai area. It is based on eleven months of fieldwork. The primary source of data is a corpus of more than 15 hours of spoken Kalamang recorded and transcribed between 2015 and 2019. This grammar covers a wide range of topics beyond a phonological and morphosyntactic description, including prosody, narrative styles, and information structure. More than 1000 examples illustrate the analyses, and are where possible taken from naturalistic spoken Kalamang. The descriptive approach in this grammar is informed by current linguistic theory, but is not driven by any specific school of thought. Comparison to other West Bomberai or eastern Indonesian languages is taken into account whenever it is deemed helpful. Kalamang has several typologically interesting features, such as unpredictable stress, minimalistic give-constructions consisting of just two pronouns, aspectual markers that follow the subject, and the NP and predicate – rather than the noun and verb – as important domains of attachment. This grammar is accompanied by an openly accessible archive of linguistic and cultural material and a dictionary with 2700 lemmas. It serves as a document of one of the world's many endangered languages.

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Komnzo is a Papuan language of Southern New Guinea spoken by around 250 people in the village of Rouku. Komnzo belongs to the Tonda subgroup of the Yam language family, which is also known as the Morehead Upper-Maro group. This grammar provides the first comprehensive description of a Yam language. It is based on 16 months of fieldwork. The primary source of data is a text corpus of around 12 hours recorded and transcribed between 2010 and 2015. Komnzo provides many fields of future research, but the most interesting aspect of its structure lies in the verb morphology, to which the two largest chapters of the grammar are dedicated. Komnzo verbs may index up to two arguments showing agreement in person, number and gender. Verbs encode 18 TAM categories, valency, directionality and deictic status. Morphological complexity lies not only in the amount of categories that verbs may express, but also in the way these are encoded.
This book is made open access as part of the Knowledge Unlatched Language Science Press 2018 - 2020

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Komnzo is a Papuan language of Southern New Guinea spoken by around 250 people in the village of Rouku. Komnzo belongs to the Tonda subgroup of the Yam language family, which is also known as the Morehead Upper-Maro group. This grammar provides the first comprehensive description of a Yam language. It is based on 16 months of fieldwork. The primary source of data is a text corpus of around 12 hours recorded and transcribed between 2010 and 2015. Komnzo provides many fields of future research, but the most interesting aspect of its structure lies in the verb morphology, to which the two largest chapters of the grammar are dedicated. Komnzo verbs may index up to two arguments showing agreement in person, number and gender. Verbs encode 18 TAM categories, valency, directionality and deictic status. Morphological complexity lies not only in the amount of categories that verbs may express, but also in the way these are encoded.
This book is made open access as part of the Knowledge Unlatched Language Science Press 2018 - 2020

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Komnzo is a Papuan language of Southern New Guinea spoken by around 250 people in the village of Rouku. Komnzo belongs to the Tonda subgroup of the Yam language family, which is also known as the Morehead Upper-Maro group. This grammar provides the first comprehensive description of a Yam language. It is based on 16 months of fieldwork. The primary source of data is a text corpus of around 12 hours recorded and transcribed between 2010 and 2015. Komnzo provides many fields of future research, but the most interesting aspect of its structure lies in the verb morphology, to which the two largest chapters of the grammar are dedicated. Komnzo verbs may index up to two arguments showing agreement in person, number and gender. Verbs encode 18 TAM categories, valency, directionality and deictic status. Morphological complexity lies not only in the amount of categories that verbs may express, but also in the way these are encoded.
This book is made open access as part of the Knowledge Unlatched Language Science Press 2018 - 2020

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This book offers the first detailed grammatical description of Paunaka, an Arawakan language spoken (in 2023) by eight people in the Chiquitania region in the lowlands of Eastern Bolivia. The grammar builds on material collected during several fieldwork trips between 2009 and 2020 by the team of the Paunaka Documentation Project, which was funded by the ELDP from 2011–2013. This material includes roughly 120 hours of audio and video recordings, which have been archived at ELAR. In 2022, the dissertation on which this book is based received the annual Research Award at the Europa-Universität Flensburg. The grammar provides a description of the phonology, morphology, and syntax of Paunaka, including numerous comparative remarks to closely related languages. It includes over 1500 examples, most of them accompanied by a brief description of their original linguistic or extralinguistic context.

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Sanzhi Dargwa belongs to the Dargwa (Dargi) languages (ISO dar; Glottocode sanz1248) which form a subgroup of the East Caucasian (Nakh-Dagestanian) language family. Sanzhi Dargwa is spoken by approximately 250 speakers and is severely endangered. This book is the first comprehensive descriptive grammar of Sanzhi, written from a typological perspective. It treats all major levels of grammar (phonology, morphology, syntax) and also information structure. Sanzhi Dargwa is structurally similar to other East Caucasian languages, in particular Dargwa languages. It has a relatively large consonant inventory including pharyngeal and ejective consonants. Sanzhi morphology is concatenative and mainly suffixing. The language exhibits a mixture of dependent-marking in the form of a rich case inventory and head-marking in the form of verbal agreement. Nouns are divided into three genders. Verbal inflection conflates tense/aspect/mood/evidentiality in a rich array of synthetic and analytic verb forms as well as participles, converbs, a masdar (verbal noun), and infinitive and some other forms used in analytic tenses and subordinate clauses. Salient traits of the grammar are two independently operating agreement systems: gender/number agreement and person agreement. Within the nominal domain, modifiers agree with the head nominal in gender/number. Agreement within the clausal domain is mainly controlled by the argument in the absolutive case. Person agreement operates only at the clausal level and according to the person hierarchy 1, 2 > 3. Sanzhi has ergative alignment in the form of gender/number agreement and ergative case marking. The most frequent word order at the clause level is SOV, though all other logically possible word orders are also attested. In subordinate clauses, word order is almost exclusively head-final.

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This book is the first descriptive grammar of Tuatschin, a Sursilvan Romansh dialect spoken by approximately 800 people in the westernmost part of the Romansh territory, in the canton of Grisons in southeastern Switzerland. The description is mainly based on narratives and elicitation, collected during fieldwork conducted between 2016 and 2020. Besides the grammatical description, it also offers a variety of narratives produced by female and male native speakers between thirty and eighty years of age.

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Vamale is an endangered South Oceanic > Northern New Caledonian language, spoken by around 180 people on the northeastern coast of Grande Terre. This grammar was written as a PhD dissertation, on the basis of 11 months of fieldwork funded by ELDP. The data consists both of elicitation and relatively free interviews, as well as recordings of ceremonial speeches and casual conversations. ELAR contains open-access archive of all recordings and a dictionary, as well as a FLEx database in which many examples can be found in context. The appendix includes three texts, an oral history account of the 1917 colonial war, a traditional fable, and a longer modern retelling of a legend. The grammar intends to give a general overview of Vamale to a general linguistics audience. Its focus on syntax, and comparison with related languages should particularly interest Oceanists and areal typologists. With a dedicated chapter on the community's history and cultural information throughout the book, this account hopes to show the beauty and wealth of both the Vamale language and culture.

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The present volume presents a selection of the revised and peer-reviewed proceedings articles of the 50th Linguistic Symposium on Romance Languages (LSRL 50) which was hosted virtually by the faculty and students from the University of Texas at Austin. With contributions from rising and senior scholars from Europe and the Americas, the volume demonstrates the breadth of research in contemporary Romance linguistics with articles that apply corpus-based and laboratory methods, as well as theory, to explore the structure, use, and development of the Romance languages. The articles cover a wide range of fields including morphosyntax, semantics, language variation and change, sociophonetics, historical linguistics, language acquisition, and computational linguistics. In an introductory article, the editors document the sudden transition of LSRL 50 to a virtual format and acknowledge those who helped them to ensure the continuity of this annual scholarly meeting.

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Where does today’s English language come from? This book takes its readers on a journey back in time, from present-day varieties to the Old English of Beowulf and beyond. Written for students with little or no background in linguistics, and reflecting the latest scholarship, it showcases the variation and change present throughout the history of English, and includes numerous exercises and sample texts for every period. The reverse-chronological approach taken by this book sets it apart from all existing textbooks of the last fifty years. Innovative features also include its focus on variation, multilingualism and language contact, its use of texts from outside the literary canon, and its inclusion of case studies from syntax, sociophonetics and historical pragmatics.

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Por que é importante investigar a indexação durante a catalogação? A resposta é que, por meio de tal procedimento, é possível conhecer as realidades de bibliotecários e usuários. A pesquisa apresentada neste livro se destaca por dois motivos: trata-se de um trabalho coletivo, com objetivos, fundamentação teórica e metodológica comuns; adota uma abordagem sociocognitiva que não só evidencia a tarefa de indexação de assuntos na catalogação de livros por catalogadores, como também privilegia e entrelaça as diferentes visões dos usuários do catálogo, discentes, docentes, pesquisadores, bibliotecários de referência e dirigentes de bibliotecas - grupos que fazem parte do contexto sociocognitivo dos catalogadores, pois são usuários dos resultados da tarefa que realizam. Esta é uma obra de referência para os profissionais de biblioteconomia.

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Esta obra tem como o objetivo central a investigação de fenômenos prosódicos do Português Arcaico, a partir de uma comparação das características linguísticas das cantigas medievais profanas com as das cantigas religiosas. Para a análise fonológica, será usado o aparato fornecido pela Teoria da Otimalidade.Durante a análise, são colocados lado a lado fenômenos fonológicos segmentais e fenômenos prosódicos (tais como acento, ritmo, estruturação silábica e processos fonológicos que façam referência direta a esses fenômenos), em um período passado, do qual não se tem registros orais.

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"In a moving blend of family history and cutting-edge scholarship, Tracey Owens Patton’s A Nation’s Undesirables synthesizes work in rhetorical postmemory studies, critical adoption studies, Afrofuturism, and more to tell the story of her mother and aunt, Lore and Lilli. Two of thousands of children born to white German women and Black American men after World War II, the twins moved to the United States at age seven, where their mother renounced her parental rights and put them into the adoption system. They did not see her again for fifty-two years. Patton takes up the twins’ story and their reckoning with their mixed-race, Black German identity to disrupt standard narratives around World War II, Black experiences in Germany, and race and adoption. Combining family interviews, historical artifacts, and autoethnographic reflection, Patton composes a new narrative of women and Black German children in the postwar era. In examining the systemic racism of Germany’s efforts to move children like Lore and Lilli out of the country—and the suppression of German women’s bodily autonomy—Patton amplifies the once unacknowledged identities of these Black German children to broaden our understanding of citizenship, racism, and sexism after World War II."

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The past few years have seen a quiet, relatively well behaved, and entirely legal revolution in New Zealand Aotearoa: the growth of a thriving Commons of works made available under Creative Commons open copyright licences.

A Quiet Revolution tells Kiwi stories as diverse as open source houses, teachers banding together to share resources, government departments making their data available for anyone to use, and artists sharing their work in a spirit of collaboration and community – and shows how something as seemingly dry as copyright licensing can have profound impacts on our society, culture and economy.

If you’ve ever wondered how copyright applies to you, how Creative Commons actually works, or why so many people choose to use Creative Commons licensing, then here are the answers.

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Artificial intelligence is changing and will continue to change the world we live in. These changes are also influencing the translation market. Machine translation (MT) systems automatically transfer one language to another within seconds. However, MT systems are very often still not capable of producing perfect translations. To achieve high quality translations, the MT output first has to be corrected by a professional translator. This procedure is called post-editing (PE). PE has become an established task on the professional translation market. The aim of this text book is to provide basic knowledge about the most relevant topics in professional PE. The text book comprises ten chapters on both theoretical and practical aspects including topics like MT approaches and development, guidelines, integration into CAT tools, risks in PE, data security, practical decisions in the PE process, competences for PE, and new job profiles.

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This study is an attempt to reorient the field of Chinese linguistics from the perspective of the new field of cultural interaction studies. The author, approaching Chinese linguistics from the periphery, examines such topics as the spread of Western learning and linguistic contact and Westerners’ study of Chinese: He studies materials produced by Western missionaries and Ryukyuan materials to show the validity and usefulness of Chinese linguistics in the field of cultural interaction studies. In addition, he looks at cultural interaction through illustrations.

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Philons Schrift De Migratione Abrahami ist ein allegorischer Kommentar zu Gen 12. Der Auszug Abrahams aus seiner chaldäischen Heimat wird von Philon allegorisch auf den Auszug der Seele aus der Sinnenwelt und ihre Rückkehr zu Gott gedeutet. Die vorliegende Ausgabe bietet neben einer ausführlichen Einführung in Leben und Denken des alexandrinischen Religionsphilosophen den Text mit Übersetzung und erläuternden Anmerkungen. Kommentierende Essays aus unterschiedlichen Fachperspektiven ordnen die Schrift in den Kontext des zeitgenössischen Judentums sowohl in Alexandria wie im palästinischen Mutterland ein, würdigen Philon als Vertreter des kaiserzeitlichen Platonismus und machen mit der Gotteserkenntnis und philosophisch gedeuteten Exilserfahrungen zwei zentrale Topoi der Schrift zum Thema. Vergleichende Untersuchungen zur Figur des Abraham im Neuen Testament und in Thomas Manns Joseph und seine Brüder runden den Band ab.

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Academic E-Books: Publishers, Librarians, and Users provides readers with a view of the changing and emerging roles of electronic books in higher education. The three main sections contain contributions by experts in the publisher/vendor arena, as well as by librarians who report on both the challenges of offering and managing e-books and on the issues surrounding patron use of e-books. The case study section offers perspectives from seven different sizes and types of libraries whose librarians describe innovative and thought-provoking projects involving e-books.

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Academic E-Books: Publishers, Librarians, and Users provides readers with a view of the changing and emerging roles of electronic books in higher education. The three main sections contain contributions by experts in the publisher/vendor arena, as well as by librarians who report on both the challenges of offering and managing e-books and on the issues surrounding patron use of e-books. The case study section offers perspectives from seven different sizes and types of libraries whose librarians describe innovative and thought-provoking projects involving e-books.

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This volume contains a selection of papers that were presented at the 53rd Annual Conference on African Linguistics, which was held virtually at the University of California San Diego. There are 21 papers covering phonology, morphology, syntax, lexical semantics, sociolinguistics, typology and historical linguistics. The volume features a keynote paper that proposes a novel community-based approach to language documentation. African languages investigated in detail include Wolof, Mende, Dangme, Kusaal, Nzema, Anii, Nigerian Pidgin, Tunen, Nyokon, Vale, Lokoya, Lopit, Otuho, Kalenjin, Tiriki, Oromo, Tigrinya, Asá, Qwadza, and Ikalanga.

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This study is a concise introduction to Bruno Latour's Actor-Network Theory and its application in a literary analysis of urban narratives of the 21st century. We encounter well-known psycho-geographers such as Iain Sinclair and Sam Miller, and renowned authors, Patrick Neate and Suketu Mehta. Prachi More analyses these authors' accounts of vastly different cities such as London, Delhi, Mumbai, Johannesburg, New York and Tokyo. Are these urban narratives a contemporary solution to documenting an ever-evasive urban reality? If so, how do they embody "matters of concern" as Latour would have put it, laying bare modern-day "actors" and "networks" rather than reporting mere "matters of fact"? These questions are drawn into an inter-disciplinary discussion that addresses concerns and questions of epistemology, the sociology of knowledge as well as urban and documentary studies.

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Armenian is an Indo-European language. Alongside two varieties, there are countless non-standard dialects, many of which were were made extinct because of the Armenian Genocide. This book is an English translation of a monograph originally written in Armenian by Hrachia Adjarian: "Հայ Բարբառագիտութիւն" or "Armenian dialectology." The original monograph consisted of descriptions of 31 non-standard Armenian varieties. The present book is both a translation and commentary on this monograph. The translation includes paradigm tables, sound changes, morpheme segmentation, glossing, and IPA transcriptions.

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Advances in Formal Slavic Linguistics 2017 is a collection of fifteen articles that were prepared on the basis of talks given at the conference Formal Description of Slavic Languages 12.5, which was held on December 7-9, 2017, at the University of Nova Gorica. The volume covers a wide array of topics, such as control verbs, instrumental arguments, and perduratives in Russian, comparatives, negation, n-words, negative polarity items, and complementizer ellipsis in Czech, impersonal se-constructions and complementizer doubling in Slovenian, prosody and the morphology of multi-purpose suffixes in Serbo-Croatian, and indefinite numerals and the binding properties of dative arguments in Polish. Importantly, by exploring these phenomena in individual Slavic languages, the collection of articles in this volume makes a significant contribution to both Slavic linguistics and to linguistics in general.

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Advances in Formal Slavic Linguistics 2018 offers a selection of articles that were prepared on the basis of talks presented at the conference Formal Description of Slavic Languages (FDSL 13) or at the parallel Workshop on the Semantics of Noun Phrases, which were held on December 5–7, 2018, at the University of Göttingen. The volume covers a wide array of topics, such as situation relativization with adverbial clauses (causation, concession, counterfactuality, condition, and purpose), clause-embedding by means of a correlate, agreeing vs. transitive ‘need’ constructions, clitic doubling, affixation and aspect, evidentiality and mirativity, pragmatics coming with the particle li, uniqueness, definiteness, maximal interpretation (exhaustivity), kinds and subkinds, bare nominals, multiple determination, quantification, demonstratives, possessives, complex measure nouns, and the NP/DP parameter. The set of object languages comprises Russian, Czech, Polish, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Serbo-Croatian, and Torlak Serbian. The numerous topics addressed demonstrate the importance of Slavic linguistics. The original analyses prove that substantial progress has been made in major fields of research.

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Advances in formal Slavic linguistics 2021 offers a selection of articles that were prepared on the basis of talks given at the conference Formal Description of Slavic Languages 14 or at the satellite workshop on secondary imperfectives in Slavic, which were held on June 2–5, 2021, at the University of Leipzig. The volume covers all branches of Slavic languages and features synchronic as well as diachronic analyses. It comprises a wide array of topics, such as degree achievements, clitic climbing in Czech and Polish, typology of Slavic l-participles, aspectual markers in Russian and Czech, doubling in South Slavic relative clauses, congruence and case-agreement in close apposition in Russian, cataphora in Slovenian, Russian and Polish participles, prefixation and telicity in Serbo-Croatian, Bulgarian adjectives, negative questions in Russian and German and imperfectivity in discourse. The numerous topics addressed demonstrate the importance of Slavic data and the analyses presented in this collection make a significant contribution to Slavic linguistics as well as to linguistics in general.

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Advances in Formal Slavic Linguistics 2022 brings together a collection of 22 articles originating as talks presented at the 15th Formal Description of Slavic Languages conference (FDSL 15) held in Berlin on 5–7 October, 2022. The contributions cover a broad spectrum of topics, including clitics, nominalizations, l-participles, the dual, verbal prefixes, assibilation, verbal and adjectival morphology, lexical stress, vowel reduction, focus particles, aspect, multiple wh-fronting, definiteness, polar questions, negation words, and argument structure in such languages as BCMS, Bulgarian, Czech, Macedonian, Polish, Russian, Slovenian, Ukrainian, and Upper Sorbian. The wide range of topics explored in this volume underscores the diversity and complexity of Slavic languages. The contributions not only advance our understanding of languages belonging to the Slavic group but also offer fresh perspectives for linguistics more broadly.

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A formação histórica do português brasileiro deu-se em complexo contexto decontato entre línguas. Dentre as diversas situações de contato havidas, a doportuguês com línguas africanas assume maior relevância por ter sido generalizadano tempo e no espaço. Africanos e afro-descendentes, no período que se estende doséculo XVII ao século XIX, correspondem juntos a cerca de 60% da populaçãobrasileira (cf. MUSSA, 1991). Contudo, a escrita da história lingüística deste que é o mais expressivo segmento formador da população brasileira era tarefa que secolocava no plano de uma reconstrução quase que exclusivamente a partir de'indícios', uma tarefa não para historiadores, mas para arqueólogos da línguaportuguesa (cf. MATTOS E SILVA, 2002) (trecho retirado da Introdução do livro).

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The present work not only contributes to shedding light on the linguistic and socio-historical origins of Afro-Peruvian Spanish, it also helps clarify the controversial puzzle concerning the genesis of Spanish creoles in the Americas in a broader sense. In order to provide a more concrete answer to the questions raised by McWhorter’s book on The Missing Spanish Creoles, the current study has focused on an aspect of the European colonial enterprise in the Americas that has never been closely analyzed in relation to the evolution of Afro-European contact varieties, the legal regulations of black slavery. This book proposes the 'Legal Hypothesis of Creole Genesis', which ascribes a prime importance in the development of Afro-European languages in the Americas to the historical evolution of slavery, from the legal rules contained in the Roman Corpus Juris Civilis to the codes and regulations implemented in the different European colonies overseas. This research was carried out with the belief that creole studies will benefit greatly from a more interdisciplinary approach, capable of combining linguistic, socio-historical, legal, and anthropological insights. This study is meant to represent an eclectic step in such a direction.

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Agreement is a pervasive phenomenon across natural languages. Depending on one’s definition of what constitutes agreement, it is either found in virtually every natural language that we know of, or it is at least found in a great many. Either way, it seems to be a core part of the system that underpins our syntactic knowledge. Since the introduction of the operation of Agree in Chomsky (2000), agreement phenomena and the mechanism that underlies agreement have garnered a lot of attention in the Minimalist literature and have received different theoretical treatments at different stages. Since then, many different phenomena involving dependencies between elements in syntax, including movement or not, have been accounted for using Agree. The mechanism of Agree thus provides a powerful tool to model dependencies between syntactic elements far beyond φ-feature agreement. The articles collected in this volume further explore these topics and contribute to the ongoing debates surrounding agreement. The authors gathered in this book are internationally reknown experts in the field of Agreement.

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'Alles verandert altijd' is een onmisbaar instrument voor de literair vertaler in opleiding en de beginnende en gevorderde professional bij het vertalen in en uit het Nederlands. Voor het eerst worden hier alle belangrijke aspecten van het literair vertalen helder en bevattelijk samengebracht: de zakelijke en financiële aspecten, de basiskennis en vaardigheden die deze activiteit veronderstelt, de algemene kernbegrippen en uitdagingen, het vertalen van de traditionele literaire genres, maar ook van kinder- en jeugdliteratuur, literaire non-fictie en filosofie, en de ‘nazorg’ in de vorm van revisie, marketing en promotie. Het boek is een initiatief van het Expertisecentrum Literair Vertalen (ELV), en bevat bijdragen van 23 vertaalexperts (wetenschappers, opleiders en vertalers), onder eindredactie van Lieven D’hulst en Chris Van de Poel. Beiden zijn lid van het wetenschappelijk comité van het ELV, een partnerschap van de Taalunie, de KU Leuven en de Universiteit Utrecht, in samenwerking met het Nederlands Letterenfonds en het Vlaams Fonds voor de Letteren.

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This master thesis explores service characteristics that are relevant for book readers when they evaluate a service as well as starting points for providers when they plan to optimize their services from a customer’s point of view.
In the first part ways of accessing books (buying, borrowing, rent) and the reading behavior of Germans will be described. Then the concept “quality of provision” of books will be discussed which distinguishes five quality dimensions of a service: diversity of content and arranging of books, basic technology (printed book or digital environment), temporal and spatial access, costs of access and ease of use.
By using secondary material for each dimension individual quality characteristics will be identified. Next the theoretical background of the activity theory and a special way of thinking, the customer-dominant-logic, from the Nordic school will be explained briefly. Based on this a set of consumer activities related to books will be presented and some activities that are relevant for the work will be described in more detail by means of secondary material (reading books, choosing books, organizing books and information). Further customization and personalization will be proposed as strategies for individualization of services and their function for consumers will be explained. The secondary data used in the work comes from empirical data out of consumer surveys in libraries and bookshops, nationally representative surveys and from results of academic research from different fields. In the final part of this thesis an own data collection will be conducted by using a content analysis of consumer comments of two e-book rental apps (n = 1,245 comments). The analysis should clarify, if the quality characteristics, the book-related activities and the strategies for individualization described before can be found in everyday reality of consumers. After that the results of the content analysis will be presented. Finally the major findings will be summarized and connected to the research questions.

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This master thesis explores service characteristics that are relevant for book readers when they evaluate a service as well as starting points for providers when they plan to optimize their services from a customer’s point of view.
In the first part ways of accessing books (buying, borrowing, rent) and the reading behavior of Germans will be described. Then the concept “quality of provision” of books will be discussed which distinguishes five quality dimensions of a service: diversity of content and arranging of books, basic technology (printed book or digital environment), temporal and spatial access, costs of access and ease of use.
By using secondary material for each dimension individual quality characteristics will be identified. Next the theoretical background of the activity theory and a special way of thinking, the customer-dominant-logic, from the Nordic school will be explained briefly. Based on this a set of consumer activities related to books will be presented and some activities that are relevant for the work will be described in more detail by means of secondary material (reading books, choosing books, organizing books and information). Further customization and personalization will be proposed as strategies for individualization of services and their function for consumers will be explained. The secondary data used in the work comes from empirical data out of consumer surveys in libraries and bookshops, nationally representative surveys and from results of academic research from different fields. In the final part of this thesis an own data collection will be conducted by using a content analysis of consumer comments of two e-book rental apps (n = 1,245 comments). The analysis should clarify, if the quality characteristics, the book-related activities and the strategies for individualization described before can be found in everyday reality of consumers. After that the results of the content analysis will be presented. Finally the major findings will be summarized and connected to the research questions.

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This book provides an introduction to the study of meaning in human language, from a linguistic perspective. It covers a fairly broad range of topics, including lexical semantics, compositional semantics, and pragmatics. The chapters are organized into six units: (1) Foundational concepts; (2) Word meanings; (3) Implicature (including indirect speech acts); (4) Compositional semantics; (5) Modals, conditionals, and causation; (6) Tense & aspect. Most of the chapters include exercises which can be used for class discussion and/or homework assignments, and each chapter contains references for additional reading on the topics covered. As the title indicates, this book is truly an introduction: it provides a solid foundation which will prepare students to take more advanced and specialized courses in semantics and/or pragmatics. It is also intended as a reference for fieldworkers doing primary research on under-documented languages, to help them write grammatical descriptions that deal carefully and clearly with semantic issues. The approach adopted here is largely descriptive and non-formal (or, in some places, semi-formal), although some basic logical notation is introduced. The book is written at level which should be appropriate for advanced undergraduate or beginning graduate students. It presupposes some previous coursework in linguistics, but does not presuppose any background in formal logic or set theory.

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This book provides an introduction to the study of meaning in human language, from a linguistic perspective. It covers a fairly broad range of topics, including lexical semantics, compositional semantics, and pragmatics. The chapters are organized into six units: (1) Foundational concepts; (2) Word meanings; (3) Implicature (including indirect speech acts); (4) Compositional semantics; (5) Modals, conditionals, and causation; (6) Tense & aspect. Most of the chapters include exercises which can be used for class discussion and/or homework assignments, and each chapter contains references for additional reading on the topics covered. As the title indicates, this book is truly an INTRODUCTION: it provides a solid foundation which will prepare students to take more advanced and specialized courses in semantics and/or pragmatics.
This book is made open access as part of the Knowledge Unlatched Language Science Press 2018 - 2020

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This book provides an introduction to the study of meaning in human language, from a linguistic perspective. It covers a fairly broad range of topics, including lexical semantics, compositional semantics, and pragmatics. The chapters are organized into six units: (1) Foundational concepts; (2) Word meanings; (3) Implicature (including indirect speech acts); (4) Compositional semantics; (5) Modals, conditionals, and causation; (6) Tense & aspect. Most of the chapters include exercises which can be used for class discussion and/or homework assignments, and each chapter contains references for additional reading on the topics covered. As the title indicates, this book is truly an INTRODUCTION: it provides a solid foundation which will prepare students to take more advanced and specialized courses in semantics and/or pragmatics.
This book is made open access as part of the Knowledge Unlatched Language Science Press 2018 - 2020

Listed by Unglue.it.

This book provides an introduction to the study of meaning in human language, from a linguistic perspective. It covers a fairly broad range of topics, including lexical semantics, compositional semantics, and pragmatics. The chapters are organized into six units: (1) Foundational concepts; (2) Word meanings; (3) Implicature (including indirect speech acts); (4) Compositional semantics; (5) Modals, conditionals, and causation; (6) Tense & aspect. Most of the chapters include exercises which can be used for class discussion and/or homework assignments, and each chapter contains references for additional reading on the topics covered. As the title indicates, this book is truly an INTRODUCTION: it provides a solid foundation which will prepare students to take more advanced and specialized courses in semantics and/or pragmatics.

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In 24 theoretischen und praxisbezogenen Beiträgen nähern sich Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler aus Deutschland, Österreich und Polen den aktuellen Problemen aus dem weit verstandenen Gebiet der angewandten Linguistik an. Die Beiträge stammen aus den folgenden thematischen Gebieten: Pragma- und Soziolinguistikstudien, kontrastive Studien, Interkulturalität, Spracherwerbs- und Sprachlehrforschung, Fachsprachen, Übersetzen und Dolmetschen sowie Lingustic Landscapes. Der vorliegende Band greift damit die vielseitigen Forschungsinteressen von Prof. Dr. habil. Izabela Prokop auf, die im Jahr 2021 ihr 70. Lebensjahr vollendet. The present book is a collection of 24 theoretical and empirical contributions which approach current problems within a widely understood field of applied linguistics. Their authors come from Germany, Austria and Poland and represent major academic institutions in these countries. The chapters included in the monograph treat about the most recent issues in the field and are organized into seven thematic foci: Pragma- and sociolinguistics, contrastive studies, interculturality, language acquisition and language teaching research, specialised languages, translation and translation studies, and research in linguistic landscape. The incentive for putting this monograph together is the 70th birthday of prof. Izabela Prokop.

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Today the relations between Arab audiences and Arab media are characterised by pluralism and fragmentation. More than a thousand Arab satellite TV channels alongside other new media platforms are offering all kinds of programming. Religion has also found a vital place as a topic in mainstream media or in one of the approximately 135 religious satellite channels that broadcast guidance and entertainment with an Islamic frame of reference. How do Arab audiences make use of mediated religion in negotiations of identity and belonging? The empirical based case studies in this interdisciplinary volume explore audience-media relations with a focus on religious identity in different countries such as Egypt, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Great Britain, Germany, Denmark, and the United States.

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This volume offers a synthesis of current expertise on contact-induced change in Arabic and its neighbours, with thirty chapters written by many of the leading experts on this topic. Its purpose is to showcase the current state of knowledge regarding the diverse outcomes of contacts between Arabic and other languages, in a format that is both accessible and useful to Arabists, historical linguists, and students of language contact.

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The present volume provides an overview of current trends in the study of language contact involving Arabic. By drawing on the social factors that have converged to create different contact situations, it explores both contact-induced change in Arabic and language change through contact with Arabic. The volume brings together leading scholars who address a variety of topics related to contact-induced change, the emergence of contact languages, codeswitching, as well as language ideologies in contact situations. It offers insights from different theoretical approaches in connection with research fields such as descriptive and historical linguistics, sociolinguistics, ethnolinguistics, and language acquisition. It provides the general linguistic public with an updated, cutting edge overview and appreciation of themes and problems in Arabic linguistics and sociolinguists alike. As of January 2023, this e-book is freely available, thanks to the support of libraries working with Knowledge Unlatched.

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Archival Silences demonstrates emphatically that archival absences exist all over the globe. The book questions whether benign ‘silence’ is an appropriate label for the variety of destructions, concealment and absences that can be identified within archival collections. Including contributions from archivists and scholars working around the world, this truly international collection examines archives in Australia, Brazil, Denmark, England, India, Iceland, Jamaica, Malawi, The Philippines, Scotland, Turkey and the United States. Making a clear link between autocratic regimes and the failure to record often horrendous crimes against humanity, the volume demonstrates that the failure of governments to create records, or to allow access to records, appears to be universal. Arguing that this helps to establish a hegemonic narrative that excludes the ‘other’, this book showcases the actions historians and archivists have taken to ensure that gaps in archives are filled. Yet the book also claims that silences in archives are inevitable and argues not only that recordkeeping should be mandated by international courts and bodies, but that we need to develop other ways of reading archives broadly conceived to compensate for absences.Archival Silences addresses fundamental issues of access to the written record around the world. It is directed at those with a concern for social justice, particularly scholars and students of archival studies, history, sociology, international relations, international law, business administration and information science.

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Questions are everywhere and the ubiquitous activities of asking and answering, as most human activities, are susceptible to failure - at least from time to time. This volume offers several current approaches to the systematic study of questions and the surrounding activities and works toward supporting and improving these activities. The contributors formulate general problems for a formal treatment of questions, investigate specific kinds of questions, compare different frameworks with regard to how they regulate the activities of asking and answering of questions, and situate these activities in a wider framework of cognitive/epistemic discourse. From the perspectives of logic, linguistics, epistemology, and philosophy of language emerges a report on the state of the art of the theory of questions.

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In der atelischen an-Konstruktion im Deutschen treten die Verben mit einer an-Präpositionalphrase auf (an etwas malen/essen/basteln). Basierend auf Korpusdaten wird in diesem Band gegen die verbreitete Alternationsanalyse der an-Konstruktion als präpositionales Pendant der transitiven Verbverwendung argumentiert. Stattdessen werden an-Phrasen als ereignisinterne Modifikatoren von einstelligen Activity-Verbvarianten analysiert, die eine in der lokalen Bedeutung der Präposition wurzelnde boundary-Relation einführen. Aus empirischer Perspektive wird ein Inventar von korpusbasierten Methoden und Maßen für die Untersuchung von (vermeintlichen) Argumentalternationen vorgestellt. Schließlich wird der bisher wenig diskutierte Zusammenhang von Argumentrealisierung und Metaphernbildung diskutiert. Die Studie wurde mit dem Wilhelm von Humboldt Preis des Jahres 2022 der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Sprachwissenschaft ausgezeichnet.

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Over recent decades, as information technologies have brought more of the world’s knowledge to more of the world’s people at unprecedented speed, humanity’s linguistic diversity has been shrinking. That process is inexorable but not inevitable: international cooperation and well-planned, intelligently implemented language policies can bolster the ongoing efforts of speaker communities to maintain their mother tongues and pass them on to their children, even in the face of powerful forces pressing them to shift towards larger languages. When UNESCO published the first edition of the Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger in 1996, it sounded an international alarm that has now been heard by public officials and policy makers, language communities and scholars, the media and civil society worldwide. With this third edition – available since February 2009 in an online digital format – we note that while the gravity and urgency of the problem of language loss are no less acute today, our tools for understanding the phenomenon are increasingly effective, and our repertoire of proven responses continues to grow daily.

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This study is the first wide-scope morpho-syntactic comparative study of North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic dialects to date. Given the historical depth of Aramaic (almost 3 millennia) and the geographic span of the modern dialects, coming in contact with various Iranian, Turkic and Semitic languages, these dialects provide an almost pristine "laboratory" setting for examining language change from areal, typological and historical perspectives. While the study has a very wide coverage of dialects, including also contact languages (and especially Kurdish dialects), it focuses on a specific grammatical domain, namely attributive constructions, giving a theoretically motivated and empirically grounded account of their variation, distribution and development. The results will be enlightening not only to Semitists seeking to learn about this fascinating modern Semitic language group, but also for typologists and general linguists interested in the dynamics of noun phrase morphosyntax.

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Was ist (k)eine Krise? Der neue Band der »Sichtungen« beleuchtet unterschiedliche Aspekte von Krise und Konflikt anhand von Archivquellen aus dem schriftstellerischen und künstlerischen Kontext. »Ich habe keine ›Krisen‹ und schon gar keine Schreibkrise«, schrieb Ingeborg Bachmann an ihren Therapeuten in den 1960er-Jahren. Was aber ist (k)eine Krise? Pandemien, politische Konfliktherde und wirtschaftliche Turbulenzen sind Beispiele für große, weltumfassende Umwälzungen, die uns nicht nur im 21. Jahrhundert konstant begleiten. Dieser Band der Reihe »Sichtungen« des Literaturarchivs der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek und der Wienbibliothek im Rathaus bildet unterschiedliche Aspekte zum Themenkomplex Krise und Konflikt anhand von archivalischen Materialien ab. Dazu gehören Auseinandersetzungen zu individuellen und kollektiven Erfahrungen von Angst, Verlust und Verdrängung, institutionelle Verwerfungen wie auch Strategien zur Überwindung eines ›Ausnahmezustandes‹. Die Beispiele reichen von einem Gelehrtenkonflikt im 19. Jahrhundert über eine 1928 in Wien gegründete »Lebensmüdenstelle« zur Suizidprävention bis zu (Schreib-)Krisen bei Hermann Hesse, Werner Kofler und Brigitte Schwaiger. Strategien der Bewältigung finden sich etwa bei Elise Richter und Adolf Holl. Dem bislang verkannten ›Krisenkünstler‹ Karl Wiener wird in einem »Intermezzo« ein besonderer Platz eingeräumt. In bewährter Manier setzen sich auch Schriftsteller*innen reflexiv wie kreativ mit der Thematik auseinander. Für diesen Band: Valerie Fritsch, Franz Schuh, Marlene Streeruwitz und Daniel Wisser.

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A substantial proportion of what is discoverable about the structure of many Aboriginal languages spoken on the vast Australian continent before their decimation through colonial invasion is contained in nineteenth-century grammars. Many were written by fervent young missionaries who traversed the globe intent on describing the languages spoken by “heathens”, whom they hoped to convert to Christianity. Some of these documents, written before Australian or international academic institutions expressed any interest in Aboriginal languages, are the sole record of some of the hundreds of languages spoken by the first Australians, and many are the most comprehensive. These grammars resulted from prolonged engagement and exchange across a cultural and linguistic divide that is atypical of other early encounters between colonised and colonisers in Australia. Although the Aboriginal contributors to the grammars are frequently unacknowledged and unnamed, their agency is incontrovertible.This history of the early description of Australian Aboriginal languages traces a developing understanding and ability to describe Australian morphosyntax. Focus on grammatical structures that challenged the classically trained missionary-grammarians – the description of the case systems, ergativity, bound pronouns, and processes of clause subordination – identifies the provenance of analyses, development of descriptive techniques, and paths of intellectual descent. The corpus of early grammatical description written between 1834 and 1910 is identified in Chapter 1. Chapter 2 discusses the philological methodology of retrieving data from these grammars. Chapters 3–10 consider the grammars in an order determined both by chronology and by the region in which the languages were spoken, since colonial borders regulated the development of the three schools of descriptive practice that are found to have developed in the pre-academic era of Australian linguistic description.

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As part of a sabbatical project, I have collected some things I’ve written into a lightly-edited, open access, Creative Commons-licensed volume. Some of this material comes from my personal blog, where I’ve been posting thoughts about books, publishing, and how online reading communities function (the actual subject of my sabbatical research). Much of this bouillabaisse comes  my writings at Inside Higher Ed, which is a born-digital news organization that combines sharp education journalism with a slate of bloggers, columnists, and guest commentaries. 

Also available to read online at Pressbooks.

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This volume contains the complete collection of published and unpublished work on German grammar by Tilman N. Höhle. It consists of two parts. The first part is Topologische Felder, a book-length manuscript that was written in 1983 but was never finished nor published. It is a careful examination of the topological properties of German sentences, including a discussion of typological assumptions. The second part assembles all other published and unpublished papers by Höhle on German grammar. All of these papers were highly influential in German linguistics, in theoretical linguistics in general, and in a specific variant of theoretical linguistics, Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar. Topics covered are clause structure, constituent order, (verum) focus, word structure, the relationship between relative pronouns and verbs in V2, and the foundations of a theory of phonology in constraint-based grammar. This book is a revised version of http://langsci-press.org/catalog/book/149

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Die Arbeit untersucht den Einfluss der metapragmatischen Bewertung von Genitiv und Dativ auf die Nutzung der Kasus in Präpositionalphrasen. Die Variation zwischen Genitiv- und Dativrektion betrifft insbesondere Präpositionen, die noch nicht vollständig grammatikalisiert sind. Daher wurde das Phänomen bisher vor allem aus grammatikalisierungstheoretischer Sicht betrachtet. Dies greift jedoch zu kurz – vielmehr hat die metapragmatische Bewertung der Kasus entscheidenden Einfluss auf die Kasuswahl. Genitiv und Dativ werden von SprecherInnen sehr unterschiedlich bewertet: Der Genitiv gilt als Prestigekasus, der Dativ wird mit geringer Bildung und Umgangssprachlichkeit verbunden. Die Arbeit untersucht daher einerseits Sprachideologien zu Dativ und Genitiv genauer und andererseits den Einfluss der metapragmatischen Bewertung auf die Kasuswahl. Hierfür wurden exemplarisch die ursprünglichen Genitivpräpositionen wegen und während sowie die ursprünglichen Dativpräpositionen dank und gegenüber untersucht. Zusätzlich wurde die Primärpräposition seit in die Studie aufgenommen. Die metagpragmatische Bewertung der Kasus wurde mitihlfe eines Akzeptabilitätstest und Abfragen freier Assoziationen untersucht, der Einfluss auf die Kasuswahl mithilfe von Produktionsdaten. An der umfangreichen Onlinestudie nahmen 400 Muttersprachler:innen des Deutschen teil. Die Arbeit ist damit die erste, die die metapragmatische Bewertung von Genitiv und Dativ in den Mittelpunkt stellt, systematisch erhebt und im Rahmen der Sprachideologieforschung diskutiert. In der Studie zeigt sich deutlich, dass den untersuchten Rektionsvarianten eine ganze Reihe unterschiedlicher indexikalischer Bedeutungen zugeschrieben werden: Der Genitiv wird als formell angesehen und steht für hohe Bildung, gute Sprachkenntnisse, Arroganz, Professionalität und Verkrampftheit. Der Dativ gilt als informell und steht für geringe Bildung, mangelnde Sprachkenntnisse und Schlampigkeit. Die im Fragebogen erhobenen Produktionsdaten verdeutlichen den Einfluss dieser metapragmatischen Bewertungen und bestätigen das mangelnde Erklärungspotenzial der Grammatikalisierungstheorie: Sowohl bei ursprünglichen Genitiv- als auch bei ursprünglichen Dativpräpositionen lässt sich eine Tendenz zum Genitiv erkennen, insbesondere im formell gehaltenen Produktionsteil. Diese Ergebnisse sprechen dafür, dass die Variation der präpositionalen Rektion in hohem Maße von der metapragmatischen Bewertung der Kasus beeinflusst wird und die Varianten entsprechend ihrer sozialen Bedeutung genutzt werden.

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Inwiefern regeln soziale Normen den Gebrauch unterschiedlicher Varietäten in der Hochschullehre? Philip C. Vergeiner untersucht dies in seiner Fallstudie zur Universität Salzburg schwerpunktmäßig für die lautliche Variation im Deutschen auf der Dialekt-/Standardachse. Am Beginn der Arbeit entwickelt er eine praxeologische Normkonzeption, der zufolge durch den Rückbezug von Handlungsregelmäßigkeiten auf normative Wertungen und Erwartungen auf das Vorhandensein sozialer Normen geschlossen werden kann. Um in diesem Sinne Sprachgebrauchsnormen aufzudecken, verwendet Vergeiner ein Mixed-Methods-Design, welches objekt- und metasprachliche Daten trianguliert: Neben einer quantitativ-statistischen Analyse von Fragebögen und einer Inhaltsanalyse von Interviews, um den normativen Diskurs freizulegen, untersucht er den tatsächlichen Sprachgebrauch anhand universitärer Lehrveranstaltungen.

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This book provides a detailed linguistic analysis of the communication between highly proficient bilingual couples, each consisting of a native speaker of English and of Swiss German. Combining the accounts of ten couples on their language use with an analysis of their actual linguistic behaviour, several areas of the partners' speech and interaction were closely examined. These include their language choice and language mixing, attitudes, expression of emotions, swearing, as well as their humour and laughter. In addition, the influence of the bilinguals' mother tongue and gender on their language use was explored. Thus, the study provides valuable insights into the language practices of established bilingual couples, while also contributing to the fields of fluent late bilingualism and gender research.

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Lively and well written, Bread and Circuses analyzes theories that have treated mass culture as either a symptom or a cause of social decadence. Discussing many of the most influential and representative theories of mass culture, it ranges widely from Greek and Roman origins, through Marx, Nietzsche, Freud, Ortega y Gasset, T. S. Eliot, and the theorists of the Frankfurt Institute, down to Marshall McLuhan and Daniel Bell. Brantlinger considers the many versions of negative classicism and shows how the belief in the historical inevitability of social decay—a belief today perpetuated by the mass media themselves—has become the dominant view of mass culture in our time. While not defending mass culture in its present form, Brantlinger argues that the view of culture implicit in negative classicism obscures the question of how the media can best be used to help achieve freedom and enlightenment on a truly democratic basis.

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Lively and well written, Bread and Circuses analyzes theories that have treated mass culture as either a symptom or a cause of social decadence. Discussing many of the most influential and representative theories of mass culture, it ranges widely from Greek and Roman origins, through Marx, Nietzsche, Freud, Ortega y Gasset, T. S. Eliot, and the theorists of the Frankfurt Institute, down to Marshall McLuhan and Daniel Bell. Brantlinger considers the many versions of negative classicism and shows how the belief in the historical inevitability of social decay—a belief today perpetuated by the mass media themselves—has become the dominant view of mass culture in our time. While not defending mass culture in its present form, Brantlinger argues that the view of culture implicit in negative classicism obscures the question of how the media can best be used to help achieve freedom and enlightenment on a truly democratic basis.

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Many descriptive grammars report the use of a linguistic pattern at the interface between discourse and syntax which is known generally as tail-head linkage. This volume takes an unprecedented look at this type of linkage across languages and shows that there exist three distinct variants, all subsumed under the hypernym bridging constructions. The chapters highlight the defining features of these constructions in the grammar and their functional properties in discourse. The volume reveals that: Bridging constructions consist of two clauses: a reference clause and a bridging clause. Across languages, bridging clauses can be subordinated clauses, reduced main clauses, or main clauses with continuation prosody. Bridging constructions have three variants: recapitulative linkage, summary linkage and mixed linkage. They differ in the formal makeup of the bridging clause.
This book is made open access as part of the Knowledge Unlatched Language Science Press 2018 - 2020

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Many descriptive grammars report the use of a linguistic pattern at the interface between discourse and syntax which is known generally as tail-head linkage. This volume takes an unprecedented look at this type of linkage across languages and shows that there exist three distinct variants, all subsumed under the hypernym bridging constructions. The chapters highlight the defining features of these constructions in the grammar and their functional properties in discourse. The volume reveals that: Bridging constructions consist of two clauses: a reference clause and a bridging clause. Across languages, bridging clauses can be subordinated clauses, reduced main clauses, or main clauses with continuation prosody. Bridging constructions have three variants: recapitulative linkage, summary linkage and mixed linkage. They differ in the formal makeup of the bridging clause.
This book is made open access as part of the Knowledge Unlatched Language Science Press 2018 - 2020

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Der vorliegende Band bietet eine vollständige neue Übersetzung und Kommentierung der Politischen Ratschläge ( Praecepta gerendae rei publicae) Plutarchs von Chaironeia (Provinz Achaea), die sich als ein Sendschreiben an einen jungen Hellenen aus Sardeis (Provinz Asia) vorstellen, der in die Stadtpolitik seiner Heimat unter den Bedingungen der römischen Oberhoheit eintreten will. Die interpretierenden Essays erläutern, vor allem anhand relevanter Inschriften-Zeugnisse, die politischen Rahmenbedingungen in Achaea und Asia und würdigen den spezifisch literarischen Charakter der Denkschrift.

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Prosody has been characterised as a "half-tamed savage" being shaped by both discrete, categorical aspects as well as gradient, continuous phenomena. This book is concerned with the relation of the "wild" and the "tamed" sides of prosodic prominence. It reviews problems that arise from a strict separation of categorical and continuous representations in models of phonetics and phonology, and it explores the potential role of descriptions aimed at reconciling the two domains. In doing so, the book offers an introduction to dynamical systems, a framework that has been studied extensively in the last decades to model speech production and perception. The reported acoustic and articulatory data presented in this book show that categorical and continuous modulations used to enhance prosodic prominence are deeply intertwined and even exhibit a kind of symbiosis. A multi-dimensional dynamical model of prosodic prominence is sketched, based on the empirical data, combining tonal and articulatory aspects of prosodic focus marking. The model demonstrates how categorical and continuous aspects can be inte- grated in a joint theoretical treatment that overcomes a strict separation of phonetics and phonology.

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The papers in this volume were presented at the 50th Annual Conference on African Linguistics held at the University of British Columbia in 2019. The contributions span a range of theoretical topics as well as topics in descriptive and applied linguistics. The papers reflect the typological and genetic diversity of languages in Africa and also represent the breadth of the ACAL community, with papers from both students and more senior scholars, based in North America and beyond. They thus provide a snapshot on current research in African linguistics, from multiple perspectives. To mark the 50th anniversary of the conference, the volume editors reminisce, in the introductory chapter, about their memorable ACALs.

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